{
  "version": "clock-change-v1",
  "protocolSha256": "1edb7a274173310c9d5a2228f8bee7774ae77248c69823293abd2212b0f6304c",
  "years": [
    2005,
    2006,
    2007,
    2008,
    2009,
    2010,
    2011,
    2012,
    2013,
    2014,
    2015,
    2016,
    2017,
    2018,
    2019,
    2022
  ],
  "quality": {
    "invalidDate": 0,
    "excludedDayZero": 10067,
    "missingTime": 0,
    "unmappedRegion": 135,
    "missingCoordinates": 133,
    "selectedCollisions": 1113948,
    "selectedVehicles": 2043156,
    "selectedCasualties": 1484316,
    "repeatedCasualtyReferenceAcrossVehicles": 11,
    "orphanCasualtyVehicle": 0,
    "vehicleCountMismatch": 0,
    "casualtyCountMismatch": 0,
    "missingLight": 5,
    "missingWeather": 25612,
    "panelRows": 774144,
    "zeroCollisionPanelRows": 333206
  },
  "annualReconciliation": [
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "observed": {
        "collision": 198735,
        "fatalCollisions": 2913,
        "declaredVehicles": 366236,
        "declaredCasualties": 271017,
        "vehicle": 366236,
        "casualty": 271017,
        "fatalities": 3201
      },
      "official": {
        "collision": 198735,
        "fatalCollisions": 2913,
        "casualty": 271017,
        "fatalities": 3201,
        "vehicle": 366236
      },
      "differences": {
        "collision": 0,
        "fatalCollisions": 0,
        "casualty": 0,
        "fatalities": 0,
        "vehicle": 0
      },
      "status": "Compared with official RAS0101 national totals"
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "observed": {
        "collision": 189161,
        "fatalCollisions": 2926,
        "declaredVehicles": 348059,
        "declaredCasualties": 258404,
        "vehicle": 348059,
        "casualty": 258404,
        "fatalities": 3172
      },
      "official": {
        "collision": 189161,
        "fatalCollisions": 2926,
        "casualty": 258404,
        "fatalities": 3172,
        "vehicle": 348059
      },
      "differences": {
        "collision": 0,
        "fatalCollisions": 0,
        "casualty": 0,
        "fatalities": 0,
        "vehicle": 0
      },
      "status": "Compared with official RAS0101 national totals"
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "observed": {
        "collision": 182115,
        "fatalCollisions": 2714,
        "declaredVehicles": 334966,
        "declaredCasualties": 247780,
        "vehicle": 334966,
        "casualty": 247780,
        "fatalities": 2946
      },
      "official": {
        "collision": 182115,
        "fatalCollisions": 2714,
        "casualty": 247780,
        "fatalities": 2946,
        "vehicle": 334966
      },
      "differences": {
        "collision": 0,
        "fatalCollisions": 0,
        "casualty": 0,
        "fatalities": 0,
        "vehicle": 0
      },
      "status": "Compared with official RAS0101 national totals"
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "observed": {
        "collision": 170591,
        "fatalCollisions": 2341,
        "declaredVehicles": 311604,
        "declaredCasualties": 230905,
        "vehicle": 311604,
        "casualty": 230905,
        "fatalities": 2538
      },
      "official": {
        "collision": 170591,
        "fatalCollisions": 2341,
        "casualty": 230905,
        "fatalities": 2538,
        "vehicle": 311604
      },
      "differences": {
        "collision": 0,
        "fatalCollisions": 0,
        "casualty": 0,
        "fatalities": 0,
        "vehicle": 0
      },
      "status": "Compared with official RAS0101 national totals"
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "observed": {
        "collision": 163554,
        "fatalCollisions": 2057,
        "declaredVehicles": 298687,
        "declaredCasualties": 222146,
        "vehicle": 298687,
        "casualty": 222146,
        "fatalities": 2222
      },
      "official": {
        "collision": 163554,
        "fatalCollisions": 2057,
        "casualty": 222146,
        "fatalities": 2222,
        "vehicle": 298687
      },
      "differences": {
        "collision": 0,
        "fatalCollisions": 0,
        "casualty": 0,
        "fatalities": 0,
        "vehicle": 0
      },
      "status": "Compared with official RAS0101 national totals"
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "observed": {
        "collision": 154414,
        "fatalCollisions": 1731,
        "declaredVehicles": 281401,
        "declaredCasualties": 208648,
        "vehicle": 281401,
        "casualty": 208648,
        "fatalities": 1850
      },
      "official": {
        "collision": 154414,
        "fatalCollisions": 1731,
        "casualty": 208648,
        "fatalities": 1850,
        "vehicle": 281401
      },
      "differences": {
        "collision": 0,
        "fatalCollisions": 0,
        "casualty": 0,
        "fatalities": 0,
        "vehicle": 0
      },
      "status": "Compared with official RAS0101 national totals"
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "observed": {
        "collision": 151474,
        "fatalCollisions": 1797,
        "declaredVehicles": 276155,
        "declaredCasualties": 203950,
        "vehicle": 276155,
        "casualty": 203950,
        "fatalities": 1901
      },
      "official": {
        "collision": 151474,
        "fatalCollisions": 1797,
        "casualty": 203950,
        "fatalities": 1901,
        "vehicle": 276155
      },
      "differences": {
        "collision": 0,
        "fatalCollisions": 0,
        "casualty": 0,
        "fatalities": 0,
        "vehicle": 0
      },
      "status": "Compared with official RAS0101 national totals"
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "observed": {
        "collision": 145571,
        "fatalCollisions": 1637,
        "declaredVehicles": 265877,
        "declaredCasualties": 195723,
        "vehicle": 265877,
        "casualty": 195723,
        "fatalities": 1754
      },
      "official": {
        "collision": 145571,
        "fatalCollisions": 1637,
        "casualty": 195723,
        "fatalities": 1754,
        "vehicle": 265877
      },
      "differences": {
        "collision": 0,
        "fatalCollisions": 0,
        "casualty": 0,
        "fatalities": 0,
        "vehicle": 0
      },
      "status": "Compared with official RAS0101 national totals"
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "observed": {
        "collision": 138660,
        "fatalCollisions": 1608,
        "declaredVehicles": 252913,
        "declaredCasualties": 183670,
        "vehicle": 252913,
        "casualty": 183670,
        "fatalities": 1713
      },
      "official": {
        "collision": 138660,
        "fatalCollisions": 1608,
        "casualty": 183670,
        "fatalities": 1713,
        "vehicle": 252913
      },
      "differences": {
        "collision": 0,
        "fatalCollisions": 0,
        "casualty": 0,
        "fatalities": 0,
        "vehicle": 0
      },
      "status": "Compared with official RAS0101 national totals"
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "observed": {
        "collision": 146322,
        "fatalCollisions": 1658,
        "declaredVehicles": 268527,
        "declaredCasualties": 194477,
        "vehicle": 268527,
        "casualty": 194477,
        "fatalities": 1775
      },
      "official": {
        "collision": 146322,
        "fatalCollisions": 1658,
        "casualty": 194477,
        "fatalities": 1775,
        "vehicle": 268527
      },
      "differences": {
        "collision": 0,
        "fatalCollisions": 0,
        "casualty": 0,
        "fatalities": 0,
        "vehicle": 0
      },
      "status": "Compared with official RAS0101 national totals"
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "observed": {
        "collision": 140056,
        "fatalCollisions": 1616,
        "declaredVehicles": 257845,
        "declaredCasualties": 186189,
        "vehicle": 257845,
        "casualty": 186189,
        "fatalities": 1730
      },
      "official": {
        "collision": 140056,
        "fatalCollisions": 1616,
        "casualty": 186189,
        "fatalities": 1730,
        "vehicle": 257845
      },
      "differences": {
        "collision": 0,
        "fatalCollisions": 0,
        "casualty": 0,
        "fatalities": 0,
        "vehicle": 0
      },
      "status": "Compared with official RAS0101 national totals"
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "observed": {
        "collision": 136621,
        "fatalCollisions": 1695,
        "declaredVehicles": 252500,
        "declaredCasualties": 181384,
        "vehicle": 252500,
        "casualty": 181384,
        "fatalities": 1792
      },
      "official": {
        "collision": 136621,
        "fatalCollisions": 1695,
        "casualty": 181384,
        "fatalities": 1792,
        "vehicle": 252500
      },
      "differences": {
        "collision": 0,
        "fatalCollisions": 0,
        "casualty": 0,
        "fatalities": 0,
        "vehicle": 0
      },
      "status": "Compared with official RAS0101 national totals"
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "observed": {
        "collision": 129982,
        "fatalCollisions": 1676,
        "declaredVehicles": 238926,
        "declaredCasualties": 170993,
        "vehicle": 238926,
        "casualty": 170993,
        "fatalities": 1793
      },
      "official": {
        "collision": 129982,
        "fatalCollisions": 1676,
        "casualty": 170993,
        "fatalities": 1793,
        "vehicle": 238926
      },
      "differences": {
        "collision": 0,
        "fatalCollisions": 0,
        "casualty": 0,
        "fatalities": 0,
        "vehicle": 0
      },
      "status": "Compared with official RAS0101 national totals"
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "observed": {
        "collision": 122635,
        "fatalCollisions": 1671,
        "declaredVehicles": 226409,
        "declaredCasualties": 160597,
        "vehicle": 226409,
        "casualty": 160597,
        "fatalities": 1784
      },
      "official": {
        "collision": 122635,
        "fatalCollisions": 1671,
        "casualty": 160597,
        "fatalities": 1784,
        "vehicle": 226409
      },
      "differences": {
        "collision": 0,
        "fatalCollisions": 0,
        "casualty": 0,
        "fatalities": 0,
        "vehicle": 0
      },
      "status": "Compared with official RAS0101 national totals"
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "observed": {
        "collision": 117536,
        "fatalCollisions": 1658,
        "declaredVehicles": 216381,
        "declaredCasualties": 153158,
        "vehicle": 216381,
        "casualty": 153158,
        "fatalities": 1752
      },
      "official": {
        "collision": 117536,
        "fatalCollisions": 1658,
        "casualty": 153158,
        "fatalities": 1752,
        "vehicle": 216381
      },
      "differences": {
        "collision": 0,
        "fatalCollisions": 0,
        "casualty": 0,
        "fatalities": 0,
        "vehicle": 0
      },
      "status": "Compared with official RAS0101 national totals"
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "observed": {
        "collision": 106004,
        "fatalCollisions": 1602,
        "declaredVehicles": 193545,
        "declaredCasualties": 135480,
        "vehicle": 193545,
        "casualty": 135480,
        "fatalities": 1711
      },
      "official": {
        "collision": 106004,
        "fatalCollisions": 1602,
        "casualty": 135480,
        "fatalities": 1711,
        "vehicle": 193545
      },
      "differences": {
        "collision": 0,
        "fatalCollisions": 0,
        "casualty": 0,
        "fatalities": 0,
        "vehicle": 0
      },
      "status": "Compared with official RAS0101 national totals"
    }
  ],
  "coverage": {
    "independentWeather": "Not linked; collision-recorded weather is an incident attribute only",
    "schoolHolidays": "Not linked; regional half-term dates needed before adjusted modelling",
    "bankHolidays": "Rule-derived holidays in diagnostic windows; no exceptional event adjustment",
    "solar": "Incident coordinates and local timestamp; panel uses fixed regional centroid and hour midpoint",
    "exposure": "No compatible hourly mileage or age-specific mileage denominator",
    "severity": "Recorded KSI is not adjusted for changes in police injury reporting",
    "annualReconciliation": "All development years compared with official RAS0101 national totals; source revisions may explain differences"
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "kind": "collision",
      "url": "https://data.dft.gov.uk/road-accidents-safety-data/dft-road-casualty-statistics-collision-1979-latest-published-year.csv",
      "sha256": "7b80a3a8d9df7b54633a4019e73c8512ca052b166ca2afac0fff4d1448565edc",
      "bytes": 1534937928,
      "retrievedAt": "2026-10-21T20:01:44.347870+00:00",
      "lastModified": null,
      "license": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
      "developmentRows": 2393431,
      "schema": [
        "collision_index",
        "collision_year",
        "collision_ref_no",
        "location_easting_osgr",
        "location_northing_osgr",
        "longitude",
        "latitude",
        "police_force",
        "collision_severity",
        "number_of_vehicles",
        "number_of_casualties",
        "date",
        "day_of_week",
        "time",
        "local_authority_district",
        "local_authority_ons_district",
        "local_authority_highway",
        "local_authority_highway_current",
        "first_road_class",
        "first_road_number",
        "road_type",
        "speed_limit",
        "junction_detail_historic",
        "junction_detail",
        "junction_control",
        "second_road_class",
        "second_road_number",
        "pedestrian_crossing_human_control_historic",
        "pedestrian_crossing_physical_facilities_historic",
        "pedestrian_crossing",
        "light_conditions",
        "weather_conditions",
        "road_surface_conditions",
        "special_conditions_at_site",
        "carriageway_hazards_historic",
        "carriageway_hazards",
        "urban_or_rural_area",
        "did_police_officer_attend_scene_of_accident",
        "trunk_road_flag",
        "lsoa_of_accident_location",
        "enhanced_severity_collision",
        "collision_injury_based",
        "collision_adjusted_severity_serious",
        "collision_adjusted_severity_slight"
      ]
    },
    {
      "kind": "vehicle",
      "url": "https://data.dft.gov.uk/road-accidents-safety-data/dft-road-casualty-statistics-vehicle-1979-latest-published-year.csv",
      "sha256": "6a25fc2fb47bf54f95b5353628bc728ea46bbd9f5777b9f53095bc00d846221e",
      "bytes": 1784162843,
      "retrievedAt": "2026-10-21T20:02:02.692074+00:00",
      "lastModified": null,
      "license": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
      "developmentRows": 4390031,
      "schema": [
        "collision_index",
        "collision_year",
        "collision_ref_no",
        "vehicle_reference",
        "vehicle_type",
        "towing_and_articulation",
        "vehicle_manoeuvre_historic",
        "vehicle_manoeuvre",
        "vehicle_direction_from",
        "vehicle_direction_to",
        "vehicle_location_restricted_lane_historic",
        "vehicle_location_restricted_lane",
        "junction_location",
        "skidding_and_overturning",
        "hit_object_in_carriageway",
        "vehicle_leaving_carriageway",
        "hit_object_off_carriageway",
        "first_point_of_impact",
        "vehicle_left_hand_drive",
        "journey_purpose_of_driver_historic",
        "journey_purpose_of_driver",
        "sex_of_driver",
        "age_of_driver",
        "age_band_of_driver",
        "engine_capacity_cc",
        "propulsion_code",
        "age_of_vehicle",
        "generic_make_model",
        "driver_imd_decile",
        "lsoa_of_driver",
        "escooter_flag",
        "driver_distance_banding"
      ]
    },
    {
      "kind": "casualty",
      "url": "https://data.dft.gov.uk/road-accidents-safety-data/dft-road-casualty-statistics-casualty-1979-latest-published-year.csv",
      "sha256": "c7d390b571131e3e3262c8a1721abff167b2a68b030bbd371494038e8c57db83",
      "bytes": 989284743,
      "retrievedAt": "2026-10-21T20:01:07.766333+00:00",
      "lastModified": null,
      "license": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
      "developmentRows": 3204521,
      "schema": [
        "collision_index",
        "collision_year",
        "collision_ref_no",
        "vehicle_reference",
        "casualty_reference",
        "casualty_class",
        "sex_of_casualty",
        "age_of_casualty",
        "age_band_of_casualty",
        "casualty_severity",
        "pedestrian_location",
        "pedestrian_movement",
        "car_passenger",
        "bus_or_coach_passenger",
        "pedestrian_road_maintenance_worker",
        "casualty_type",
        "casualty_imd_decile",
        "lsoa_of_casualty",
        "enhanced_casualty_severity",
        "casualty_injury_based",
        "casualty_adjusted_severity_serious",
        "casualty_adjusted_severity_slight",
        "casualty_distance_banding",
        "escooter_flag"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "power": [
    {
      "season": "autumn",
      "years": 16,
      "yearLogRatioSD": 0.03897248025627731,
      "approximate80PercentMDE": 2.9389899282307113,
      "poissonLowerBoundMDE": 1.0344505983019172,
      "note": "Planning approximation based on between-year variability, two-sided 5%, 80% power, t critical df15. No observed-effect power claim; adjusted model may have different variance."
    },
    {
      "season": "spring",
      "years": 16,
      "yearLogRatioSD": 0.045039363905041124,
      "approximate80PercentMDE": 3.40421168525425,
      "poissonLowerBoundMDE": 1.1208268886335495,
      "note": "Planning approximation based on between-year variability, two-sided 5%, 80% power, t critical df15. No observed-effect power claim; adjusted model may have different variance."
    }
  ]
}